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Country and Area Studies

IDSS research also includes studies of countries that could have an impact on regional security and stability through their domestic developments and foreign policies. Such work is currently being done through the China Programme, Indonesia Programme and United States Programme.

China Programme
The China Programme, coordinated by Dr. Shiping Tang, is broadly interested in all aspects of China’s strategic thinking and behaviour. Our staff provided a distinctive regional voice on the issue of the role of China as a rising power. The Programme focused on the following sub-fields:

  • The evolution of China’s strategic thinking and behaviour and the main drivers behind the evolutionary process;
  • How domestic politics, such as civil-military relations, interest groups, and elite politics, influence China’s strategic thinking and behaviour;
  • How CBMs and other cooperative initiatives between China and regional states have impacted China’s strategic thinking and behaviour, and consequently, regional states’ perceptions and behaviour toward China;
  • How regional institutions (e.g., ASEAN Regional Forum, ASEAN+3, and now the East Asian Summit) have shaped China’s strategic thinking and behaviour and, consequently, regional states’ perceptions and behaviour toward China;
  • How regional states have perceived and reacted to China’s strategic thinking and behaviour;
  • The military dimension of China’s strategic thinking and behaviour, from operational, tactical, and strategic levels;
  • China’s strategic thinking and behaviour in areas of immediate concern such as counter-terrorism, maritime security, and Taiwan;
  • The US-China and Japan-China relationship and their implications for the region and regional states.


The Programme’s flagship project in 2006 aimed at studying the dynamic interaction between China and other regional states through an empirical approach, by looking at specific cases of crises and turning points in the interactive process between China and other regional states. In addition to the main project, the China Programme invited Major-General Zhu Chenghu, Professor and Commandant of the School of Defense Studies of the National Defense University, People’s Liberation Army, China, to IDSS from 20-27 August. Maj. Gen. Zhu gave two talks, one on the training of Chinese military officers and another on the modernization of the People’s Liberation Army. His visit was well received by both IDSS and the National Defense University.

Major publications by Programme staff include Tang Shiping, “Projecting China’s Foreign Policy: Determining Factors and Scenarios,” in Jae Ho Chung ed., Chart China’s Future (Boulder, C. O.: Bowman & Littlefield, 2006), and Li Mingjiang, “China Defends its Core Interests in a Unipolar World”, forthcoming, in Edward A. Kolodziej and Roger E. Kanet eds., Consensual or Coercive Hegemon: Either or Neither? American Power and Global Order.

Contemporary Islam Programme (CIP)
The Contemporary Islam Programme (CIP) is coordinated by Dr Joseph Liow. The Programme launched a major, multi-country research project in the middle of 2006. The on-going project is titled Muslim Identities and Societies in Southeast Asia: Attitudes, Perceptions, and Socio-political Structures. It covers Indonesia (Sumatra, Java and Sulawesi), Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. The objective of the project is to examine how Muslim religious beliefs influence Muslim political attitudes and vice versa, in terms of the status of Islam as a cultural identity-marker, its function as an instrument for granting political legitimacy, its role as a rallying point for individual and collective empowerment, or its impact on a country’s domestic and foreign policy. The findings of the project will take the form of short reports on individual countries as well as a longer, consolidated project report in March 2007.

Aside from this major research project, the CIP has been active in public education on Islam and its various aspects in the context of modern, plural societies. Public education has taken the form of a major academic conference titled “Progressive Islam and the State in Contemporary Muslim Societies”, as well as organising and facilitating of a range of talks, seminars, and short courses conducted by well-known scholars of Islam. These include Professor Wael Hallaq, Professor Ibrahim Abu-Rabi, Professor Giles Keppel, Dr Karim Douglas Crow, and Professor Mohammad Ayoob.

Members and associates of the CIP have also been conducting extensive research into a wide range of topics. These include Shia Islam in Southeast Asia, political Islam in Malaysia and Indonesia, and the role of the Ulama in Malaysian society. They have also been active in producing shorter op-ed pieces which are accessible to the public. From March-November 2006 alone, the CIP produced 15 RSIS Commentaries and seven op-ed pieces in the print media. Members of the CIP have also been active internationally in research on issues of Islam in Southeast Asia. CIP Coordinator, Dr Joseph Liow, is part of a research team headed by Professor Robert W. Hefner that is examining Islamic education across Southeast Asia, while other programme associates have been invited regularly to present findings and research on Islam in Southeast Asia at various international conferences.

Indonesia Programme
The Indonesia Programme coordinated by Associate Professor Leonard Sebastian focuses on three areas. Firstly, to conduct research on issues pertaining to Indonesia that is of relevance to Singapore; secondly, to contribute to the Institute’s Master’s Programmes by offering quality courses; and thirdly, to provide policy reviews and briefings to assist stakeholders and the policy community to better understand the complex changes taking place in post-Suharto Indonesia. At the regional level, the goal is to network and to engage in collaborative research with like-minded international institutions interested in modern Indonesia, specifically, in post-Suharto Indonesia. In 2006, research encompassed a variety of issues including civil-military relations, developments in the defence and security sector, political Islam, militant Islam, terrorism, intra-state conflict, Indonesian foreign policy and international relations, the Indonesian economy, problems of underdevelopment, local politics and decentralization in the Riau region. The Programme’s primary research focus at this time is in five areas: defence and security, national politics, local politics and political economy,